关于推动我国医学研究发展若干问题的思考     

叶鑫生  赵学文  韩宇 《中国科学基金》2003,17(5):280-282

本文分析了医学研究领域科学基金申请项目数量持续增加的原因，探 讨了医学领域研究队伍创新能力状况，提出了推动我国医学研究的若干政策建议。  相似文献   

债转股中的博弈行为分析     

彭小兵  蒲勇健 《科技与管理》2003,5(4):37-41

国有企业债转股是中国金融资源支配权重新配置和利益再调整的政策措施，因此债转股存在的意义仅仅是化解金融风险、以及重新强调市场力量在金融资源配置中的作用。分析了国家(中央政府)、地方政府、国有企业、国有银行、和资产管理公司五个直接利益在债转股这场争夺金融资源支配权博弈中的一系列互动行为。研究结果表明，债转股政策的形成有其内在的合理性，在现有国有企业产权所有制不变和市场化机制没有建立的条件下，除非债转股的实施进程对各方都有利可图或者至少不被直接损害，否则难以取得预期效果，国家将最终承担起风险和债转股政策效率的损失。  相似文献   

促进产学合作政策工具:英、美与中国比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汤易兵 《科学学研究》2005,23(Z1):131-135

随着社会经济的发展,如何充分运用大学产生的知识基础,以促进产业创新与经济竞争力,成为当今政府的当务之急,而产学合作也成为创新政策工具中最主要的一环。本文针对各国政府所推动的各项产学合作方案,分析其对体制上、合作动机、合作障碍、合作机制运用的影响与实施成果。以个案研讨的方式,比较分析英国、美国产学合作的各项政策工具与方案的成效,并对我国的产学研合作政策提出相关建议。  相似文献   

The Myths of E-Government: Looking Beyond the Assumptions of a New and Better Government     

Victor Bekkers  Vincent Homburg 《The Information Society》2007,23(5):373-382

In general, rhetoric and myth play important roles in policymaking. Myths may inspire collective action but may also mystify and blur views on reality. In this article we identify, analyze, and reflect on the myths underlying the e-government programs of Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and the Netherlands. We found that in all national policies myths of technological inevitability, a new and better government, rational information planning, and empowerment of the intelligent citizen can be discerned. Although the mobilizing powers of these myths are acknowledged, we conclude that existing empirical studies have generated little support for the inescapable telos of these myths, which makes canvas cleaning effects of e-government initiatives less likely.  相似文献   

国外激励企业R＆D的财政政策趋势研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程华  陈贤平 《科学学与科学技术管理》2006,27(3):32-35

通过对激励企业R＆D财政政策的研究，认为政府对企业R＆D的激励力度逐步加大；中小企业研发、合作研发和跨国公司研发是各国财政政策的支持重点。激励政策工具主要有直接资助和间接激励。越来越多的国家倾向于间接激励方式。许多国家开始采用研发人员个人所得税优惠政策。对我国研发激励政策提出相关建议。  相似文献   

新形势下高新技术产业技术创新政策的探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

吴友军  田笑丰 《科技与管理》2003,5(1):99-101,111

新形势下政府对产业技术创新政策的制订影响到高新技术产业的发展效率和速度，从分析技术创新政策的基本内涵入手，提出政府实施新的技术创新政策的必要性，并针对目前中国高新技术产业技术创新的现状和问题，提出促进高新技术产业发展的技术创新政策。  相似文献   

Convergence of national science and technology policies: the case of Finland   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Tarmo Lemola   《Research Policy》2002,31(8-9)

It is a commonly held view that differences in national histories, cultures, political contexts, and the timing of a country’s entry into the industrialization process are reflected as diversity among countries in their goals, priorities, boundaries, directions, ranges, instruments and also in the performance of science and technology policy. This article, which examines development processes of Finnish science and technology policy, concludes that instead of divergence there is such startling convergence of organizational forms and practices. Finland has largely adopted its policy doctrines and instruments from the countries, which from the Finnish perspective, have been considered legitimate and successful.  相似文献   

Practices of boundary-work in the collaboration between principals and private sponsors in England’s academy schools     

Natalie Papanastasiou 《教育政策杂志》2017,32(1):82-99

This article presents one of the few qualitative studies to empirically examine the collaboration between private sponsors and principals in the context of England’s academy schools policy. It uses the concept of boundary-work to illuminate the multiple dynamics involved in the collaboration between principals and business sponsors. By analysing qualitative interviews with principals and sponsors from a local authority case study the article reveals the working relationship between these actors to be characterised by three boundary-work practices: drawing, negotiating and contesting boundaries. These practices are described before exploring their implications for existing understandings of England’s academies policy. This analysis directly answers calls in the literature for in-depth case study research which explores the collaboration between academy sponsors and principals, and the article’s interpretivist approach to boundary-work is shown to be a valuable theoretical approach which has received little attention in studies investigating the role of private actors in education. The article concludes by advocating for more studies of education policy to use boundary-work as a lens through which to understand the role being played by new actors in education, and argues that this perspective would be particularly valuable for examining the context of England’s increasingly diversifying schooling landscape.  相似文献   

Counting and comparing school performance: an analysis of media coverage of PISA in Australia, 2000–2014     

Aspa Baroutsis  Bob Lingard 《教育政策杂志》2017,32(4):432-449

This paper empirically documents media portrayals of Australia’s performance on the Program for the International Student Assessment (PISA), 2000–2014. We analyse newspaper articles from two national and eight metropolitan newspapers. This analysis demonstrates increased media coverage of PISA over the period in question. Our research data were analysed using ‘framing theory’, documenting how the media frames stories about Australia’s performance on PISA. Three frames were identified: counts and comparisons; criticisms; and contexts. Most of the media coverage (41%) was concerned with the first frame, counts and comparisons, which analysed PISA data to provide ‘evidence’ that was then used to comparatively position Australia against other countries, reference societies, which do better, with particular emphasis on Finland and also Shanghai after the 2009 PISA. The other two frames dealt with criticisms and contextual issues. This paper only focuses on the first frame. The analysis demonstrates the ways in which media coverage of Australia’s PISA performance has had policy impact.  相似文献   

Searching for the public: school funding and shifting meanings of ‘the public’ in Australian education     

Jessica Gerrard  Glenn C. Savage  Kate O’Connor 《教育政策杂志》2017,32(4):503-519

School funding is a principal site of policy reform and contestation in the context of broad global shifts towards private- and market-based funding models. These shifts are transforming not only how schools are funded but also the meanings and practices of public education: that is, shifts in what is ‘public’ about schooling. In this paper, we examine the ways in which different articulations of ‘the public’ are brought to bear in contemporary debates surrounding school funding. Taking the Australian Review of Funding for Schooling (the Gonski Report) as our case, we analyse the policy report and its subsequent media coverage to consider what meanings are made concerning the ‘publicness’ of schooling. Our analysis reveals three broad themes of debate in the report and related media coverage: (1) the primacy of ‘procedural politics’ (i.e. the political imperatives and processes associated with public policy negotiations in the Australian federation); (2) changing relations between what is considered public and private; and (3) a connection of government schooling to concerns surrounding equity and a ‘public in need’. We suggest these three themes contour the debates and understandings that surround the ‘publicness’ of education generally, and school funding more specifically.  相似文献